Class 12 Physics Notes

Chapters in Class 12 Physics

1. Chapter 1: All Important Formula

   4 topics

   • Optics
   • Oscillation Formulas
   • Gravitation Formulas and Constant Values of Physical Quantities
   • Electromagnetic Induction Formula

2. Chapter 2: Electric charges and fields

   14 topics

   • Introduction of Electric charges and fields
   • Electric Charge
   • Conductors and Insulators
   • Basic Properties of Electric Charge
   • Coulomb’s Law
   • Forces Between Multiple Charges
   • Electric Field
   • Electric Field Lines

3. Chapter 3: Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance

   12 topics

   • Introduction of Electrostatic Potential & Capacitance
   • Electrostatic potential
   • Potential Due To A Point Charge
   • Potential Due To An Electric Dipole
   • Potential Due To A System Of Charges
   • Equipotential Surfaces
   • Relation Between Field and Potential
   • Potential Energy Of A System Of Charges

4. Chapter 4: Current Electricity

   12 topics

   • Introduction of Current Electricity
   • Electric Current
   • Electric Currents in Conductors
   • Ohm's Law
   • Drift of Electrons and the Origin of Resistivity
   • Mobility
   • Limitations of Ohm's Law
   • Temperature Dependence Of Resistivity

5. Chapter 5: Moving Charges and Magnetism

   8 topics

   • Introduction of Moving Charges & Magnetism
   • Magnetic Force
   • Motion In A Magnetic Field
   • Magnetic Field Due To A Current Element, Biot-savart Law
   • Magnetic Field On The Axis Of A Circular Current Loop
   • Ampere's Circuital Law
   • Torque on a rectangular current loop in a uniform magnetic field.
   • The Moving Coil Galvanometer

6. Chapter 6: Magnetism and Matter

   5 topics

   • Introduction of Magnetism And Matter
   • Bar Magnet
   • Magnetism And Gauss’s Law
   • Magnetization & Magnetic Intensity
   • Magnetic Properties of Material

7. Chapter 7: Electromagnetic Induction

   8 topics

   • Introduction of Electromagnetic Induction
   • The Experiments Of Faraday And Henry
   • Magnetic Flux
   • Faraday’s Law Of Induction
   • Lenz’s Law And Conservation Of Energy
   • Motional Electromotive Force
   • Inductance
   • AC Generator

8. Chapter 8: Alternating Current

   7 topics

   • Introduction Of Alternating Current
   • AC Voltage Applied To A Resistor
   • Representation of AC Current And Voltage By Rotating Vectors — Phasors
   • AC Voltage Applied To An Inductor
   • AC Voltage Applied To A Capacitor
   • Power In AC Circuit: The Power Factor
   • Transformer

9. Chapter 9: Electromagnetic Waves

   4 topics

   • Introduction of Electronmagnetic Waves
   • Displacement Current
   • Electromagnetic Waves
   • Electromagnetic Spectrum

10. Chapter 10: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

    10 topics

    • Introduction of Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
    • Reflection Of Light By Spherical Mirrors
    • Refraction
    • Total Internal Reflection
    • Total Internal Reflection in Nature and Its Technelogical Applications
    • Refraction at a Spherical Surface
    • Refraction by a Lens
    • Power of a Lens.

11. Chapter 11: Wave Optics

    6 topics

    • Introduction of Wave Optics
    • Huygens Principle
    • Refraction of a Plane Wave
    • Refraction at a Rarer Medium
    • Young’s Double Slit Experiment
    • Polarization

12. Chapter 12: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

    8 topics

    • Introduction of The Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
    • Electron Emission
    • Photoelectric Effect
    • Experimental Study Of Photoelectric Effect
    • Effect Of Intensity Of Light On Photocurrent
    • Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation: Energy Quantum Of Radiation
    • Particle Nature Of Light: The Photon
    • Wave Nature of Matter & De Broglie’s Equation

13. Chapter 13: Atoms

    6 topics

    • Introduction of Atoms
    • Alpha-particle Scattering And Rutherford’s Nuclear Model Of Atom
    • Alpha-particle trajectory
    • Electron Orbits
    • Bohr Model Of The Hydrogen Atom
    • De Broglie’s Explanation Of Bohr’s Second Postulate Of Quantisation

14. Chapter 14: Nuclei

    4 topics

    • Atomic Masses And Composition Of Nucleus
    • Size Of The Nucleus
    • Mass-energy And Nuclear Binding Energy
    • Radioactivity

15. Chapter 15: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

    5 topics

    • Introduction of Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices And Simple Circuits
    • Classification Of Metals, Conductors And Semiconductors
    • Intrinsic Semiconductor
    • p-n Junction
    • Application Of Junction Diode As A Rectifier